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Before mass production, the duplication of a work of art could be done manually, sometimes for the purpose of training an apprentice, sometimes to produce a greater body of work for commerce. But by the twentieth century, the tools of mass production made it possible to easily duplicate a work of art, whether a photograph, a print or even a sculpture. Even short of identical reproduction of an image, artists like Warhol, Bernd and Hilla Becher and even Picasso created work in series; and the work of each is seen to the right. The art of the modern era is characterized, in large part, by duplication. Working with multiples or in series is one of the features that differentiates modern art from the art of earlier eras.
It is also a feature that characterizes the art of Ldamie.
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Ldamie used the tools he had at hand, but with a concept of art that was one of the distinguishing features of modern art: the creation of duplicates or series. Some of his figures are so nearly identical that one wonders how he could have produced them, unless he produced them at a single moment in time, producing one, while observing another. Other multiples show variation, which may indicate production at different times, relying on memory of former works to create a double.
This gallery holds some of Ldamie's most notable multiples, where the work is nearly identical, from one to the next. The last group is not nearly as identical as the former groupings, by reason of the different placement of the arms and hands, as well as the tools or objects the subjects of the sculpture were holding, or being held by. But the hat, head, facial features, body structure and belt are the same.
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A.
Women sitting on a stool holding a baby
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Figure 012005
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People /
Liberia; female figure with
baby; collected in 1936-37 by
Etta Becker-Donner; brass
(copper alloy); Etta Becker-
Donner "Kunst und Handwerk
in NO-Liberia"; p. 49.
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Figure 017001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People /
Liberia; female figure with
baby; collected in 1936 by
Etta Becker-Donner; brass
(copper alloy);
Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
Ident No.: | | | C 35856
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Figure 016001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People /
Liberia; female figure with
baby; brass (copper alloy);
Private collection.
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Figure 014003
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure with baby and dog;
brass (copper alloy); 7 1/4 x 3 1/4 x 5 in
(18.4 x 8.3 x 12.7 cm); Gift of Mary Meyers
May; Nasher Museum of Art
Object no. 1994.5.1
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Figure 031001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure with baby; brass
(copper alloy); 5 11/16 x 4 11/16 x 4 1/8 in
(14.5 x 11.9 x 10.5 cm); Gift of Peter H.
Voulkos; Hood Museum of Art;
Object no. 2001.51.34356
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B.
Women carrying a pot on their head
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Figure 017002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying water;
8 7/16 in. (21.7 cm) collected in 1936
by Etta Becker-Donner;
brass (copper alloy);
Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
Ident No.: | | | C 35857
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Figure 003001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying water; collected
1929 or earlier; brass (copper alloy); xx in.
(xx cm). Baltimore Museum of Art;
Gift of Catherine and Robert B. Bussell;
BMA 1998:447.
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Figure 007002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying water; collected
1934-1935 by Walter Logan Fry; brass
(copper alloy); 8 11/16 in. (22 cm).
collection of William Logan Fry.
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Figure 019002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying water;
9 29/64 in x 4 17/32 x 1 31/32 in (24 cm x 11.5 cm x 5 cm)
brass (copper alloy); Museum Rietberg, Zuruck
Inv. no. 2017.24; Gift of Eberhard and Barbara Fischer
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C.
Women winnowing grain
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Figure 005001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure winnowing rice; collected
before 1928; brass (copper alloy); 8 1/4 in.
(21 cm); National Museum of Natural
History; No. E398838.
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Figure 007001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure winnowing rice; collected
1934-1935 by Walter Logan Fry; brass
(copper alloy); 7 1/2 in. (19 cm).
collection of William Logan Fry.
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Figure 014001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure winnowing rice; collected
by George Way Harley; brass
(copper alloy); 6 1/2 x 2 3/4 x 3 9/16 in
(16.5 x 7 x 9 cm); Nasher Museum of Art
Object no. L.2.1974.116
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D.
Women carrying child on their back
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Figure 019001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying child;
gift of Eberhard and Barbara Fischer; brass (copper alloy);
7 3/4 in. (19.7 cm); collection of
Museum Rietberg, Zurich, Inv. No. 2018.1189
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Figure 009002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure carrying child; collected
1926-30 by Walter Wilson; brass (copper alloy);
7 1/4 in. (18.4 cm); collection of
William Logan Fry.
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Figure 008034
Artist: Ldamie, Dan People /
Liberia; female figure carrying
child; brass; (copper alloy); 6-1/16 in
(15.4 cm); private collection;
AHDRC Search No: 0208205
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Figure 008027
Artist: Ldamie, Dan People /
Liberia; female figure carrying
child; brass; (copper alloy); 6-1/8 in
(15.5 cm); private collection;
AHDRC Search No: 0133972
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E.
Women wearing leopard tooth necklace
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Figure 006001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People /
Liberia; female figure with leopard
tooth necklace; collected by George
Harley before 1940; brass (copper
alloy); 7 5/16 in. (18.5 cm); National
Museum of African Art; Gift of
Eliot Elisofon; No. 73-7-111.
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Figure 007004
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
female figure with leopard tooth
necklace; collected 1934-1935 by
Walter Logan Fry; brass (copper alloy);
7 1/2 in. (19.1 cm). collection of
William Logan Fry.
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Figure 027002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
standing female figure; brass (copper
alloy); 8-1/16 x 3-5/16 x 2-5/8 in.
(20.5 x 8.4 x 6.6 cm); Musee National,
Abidjan, Ivory Coast;
AHDRC Search No: 0067691
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Figure 022001
Artist: Ldamie, Dan People / Liberia;
(attributed to Kran, We culture on site)
standing female figure; brass (copper alloy);
Purchase from William Siegmann; African
Art Museum of the SMA Fathers;
AHDRC Search No: 0158728
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Figure 008068
Artist: Ldamie, Dan People / Liberia;
standing mother and daughter;
brass; (copper alloy); 11-13/16 / 13-13/16 in
(30/35 cm); Private collection;
AHDRC search no: 0067673
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F.
Women standing upright
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Figure 008011
Artist: Ldamie, Dan People / Liberia;
standing female figure; brass
(copper alloy); Private collection;
AHDRC search no: 0067702
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Figure 021001
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
thin female figure;
The British Museum; Af1954,18.2
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G.
Men playing the drum
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Figure 013007a
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with drum; collected
1926-30 by Walter Wilson;
brass (copper alloy); 8 11/16 x 3 1/8 x 3 3/8 in.
(22 x 8 x 8.5 cm); Brooklyn Museum;
No. 2012.75.8; Gift of Tom and Anna Boyle
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Figure 013007b
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with drum; collected
1926-30 by Walter Wilson;
brass (copper alloy); 8 11/16 x 3 1/8 x 3 3/8 in.
(22 x 8 x 8.5 cm); Brooklyn Museum;
No. 2012.75.8; Gift of Tom and Anna Boyle
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Figure 002002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with drum; collected
before 1935 by Sidney De La Rue;
brass (copper alloy); 8 in. (20 cm);
American Museum of Natural History;
Gift of Sidney De La Rue; No. 90.2/3387
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Figure 002002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with drum; collected
before 1935 by Sidney De La Rue;
brass (copper alloy); 8 in. (20 cm);
American Museum of Natural History;
Gift of Sidney De La Rue; No. 90.2/3387
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Figure 002003
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with drum; collected
before 1935 by Sidney De La Rue;
brass (copper alloy); American
Museum of Natural History; Gift of
Sidney De La Rue; No. 90.2/3386
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H.
Men standing upright
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Figure 018002
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with bound hands; collected
prior to 1936 by Etta Becker-Donner;
brass (copper alloy); collection of
Welt Museum Wien, Inv. No. 126145
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Figure 013003b
Artist: Attributed to Bwayen; We People /
Liberia; beyond question Ldamie / Dan People;
man with hat carrying spear; collected during
Brooklyn Museum Expedition 1922; brass (copper
alloy); 9 1/2 in. (24.1 cm); Brooklyn Museum
Robert B. Woodward Memorial Fund, 22.222.
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Figure 007005
Artist: Ldamie; Dan People / Liberia;
male figure with cane; collected
1934-1935 by Walter Logan Fry;
brass (copper alloy); 7 9/16 in.
(19.1 cm). collection of
William Logan Fry.
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